Determining Mechanoculture Conditions of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells to Enhance Osteogenesis and Inhibit Adipogenesis

Presenter

Vy Nguyen

Campus

UMass Amherst

Sponsor

Jungwoo Lee, Department of Chemical Engineering, UMass Amherst

Schedule

Session 4, 2:30 PM - 3:15 PM [Schedule by Time][Poster Grid for Time/Location]

Location

Poster Board A80, Campus Center Auditorium, Row 4 (A61-A80) [Poster Location Map]

Abstract

Multipotent bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (bMSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, differentiate into more osteoblasts and less adipocytes in normal conditions. In aging, this differentiation balance is gradually skewed, resulting in a decrease in bone mass and increase in marrow fat. Exercise is known to preserve bone mass and hematopoietic marrow. However, in vitro demonstration of exercise-induced mechanical stimulation in modulating BMSC differentiation remains uncertain. In this study, we report that vibrational mechanoculture increases osteogenesis and decreases adipogenesis. Systematic extension of vibration duration identifies a critical duration of mechanoculture. 

Bone healing, or bone regeneration, is the dynamic molecular process by which organisms produce minerals to reform hard tissue collagen structures to promote the strength, structure, and function of bone tissue. Recent studies have found mechanical stimuli as a potential solution to bone healing. In particular, it can cause differentiation of bMSCs into different mature tissues. Two prominent tissues, adipocytes and osteoblasts, derive from the differentiation of bMSCs. Previous in vitro experiments indicated that cycles of mechanical vibration with additional resting periods can stimulate osteoblast proliferation and potentially repress adipogenesis simultaneously, indicating a relationship in the balance between the biochemical processes of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. This study aims to determine the most optimal mechanical vibration conditions to promote the deposition of minerals from osteoblasts while also reducing rates of adipogenesis in mammalian bMSCs. This evidence can provide further investigations and studies to refine clinical vibrational therapy techniques to bone healing and further biomedical research on bone-related diseases.

Keywords

Biomineralization, Bone regeneration, Adipogenesis, Osteogenesis, Mesenchymal stem cells

Research Area

Medical Sciences

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