Air pollution is almost impossible to escape. It has been increasing in recent times and affects our natural resources and human health, especially cardiovascular and respiratory health. It also damages our natural resources by causing acid rain and wiping out ecosystems, reducing biodiversity which affects human well-being. The main cause is the increased use of fossil fuels. They also enter the atmosphere as emissions from the transport industry, factories, and farming. Wildfires, residential cooking, cigarettes, vape and heating also contribute to this issue. Research data shows that these pollutants are fine matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. When they enter the human respiratory tract, they trigger our immune response causing oxidative stress and inflammation. This further causes DNA damage. This can result in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. A report from the World Health Organization shows that it accounts for nearly 4.2 million premature deaths annually due to respiratory diseases. Exposure to long periods is known to cause neurological disorders and cancer. The population who are the most affected are young, old and those with pre-existing diseases. To reduce the harmful effects of air pollution’s impact we must adopt sustainable living practices. Using air purifiers will help reduce exposure and using air quality monitoring devices can help with timely interventions. We must develop sound regulatory policies, clean energy use and interventions to reduce air pollution to protect human health.