Presenter: Mya Rachel Grossman
Faculty Sponsor: Maria Santore
School: UMass Amherst
Research Area: Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
ABSTRACT
Micron-scale particles, including microplastics, increasingly interact with human cells. However,
their interactions with cell membranes remain poorly understood. My research investigates how
such particles adhere to model cell membranes using Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs), which
are microscopic lipid vesicles that mimic the surface of human cells.
GUVs are generated through electroformation. The initial stages of my project focused on
optimizing electroformation conditions to reproducibly create large batches of vesicles.
Parameters including applied voltage and frequency from a function generator, osmolarity of
sugar solutions, temperature, and electroforming duration were thoroughly examined and
refined, as each of these factors impacts the yield and quality of produced vesicles. The
electroformed GUVs were composed of two lipids with distinct charge properties: DOPC, a
neutral and zwitterionic lipid, and DOTAP, a cationic lipid which is used to impact membrane
surface charge.
To enable adhesion assays, I developed a purification protocol to remove particulate debris and
membrane fragments that interfere with membrane-particle interactions. A sedimentation and
re-sedimentation protocol was established by matching osmolarity conditions between sugars
used in the electroformation chamber and in the sedimentation assay, as well as determining a
time frame at which vesicles were settled at the bottom of a suspension tube and still viable. This
approach has demonstrated the production of purified vesicles suitable for adhesion studies.
By establishing a basis for vesicle formation and purification, this research provides a controlled
system for studying membrane–particle interactions and contributes to understanding how
synthetic particles may interact with human cell membranes.
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